In 1930's the introduction of the firm as Hindustan Lever Limited came into existence with the merger of Hindustan Vanaspati Manufacturing Company, Lever Brothers India Limited and United Traders Limited. It became the first foreign subsidiary company to do so. Today, the company has more than three lakh resident shareholder. Hindustan Unilever Limited being the leading company and it is the largest share holder of the FMCG sector in the Indian market. It was founded in November 1956 and it's based in Mumbai, Maharashtra. HUL captured the Indian detergent market in the year 1957 and maintained its monopoly in terms of quality till 1980s with its product 'SURF. However by 1980s a company named Nirma Chemicals brought out a detergent 'Nirma' which was priced much lower than HUL's 'Surf with a very catchy advertisement on TV, claiming great quality at affordable rates.
It soon became a very popular jingle, catching the imagination of the masses. By 1985 Nirma had replaced Surf from the number one position in the detergent market. HUL has a large share of market in soaps and detergent segment, but it still faces a growing number of competitions from various Competitors in the market. In the detergent sector it faces competition from Procter and Gamble (P&G), Henkel, Rohit surfactants Pvt. Ltd. (RSPL) and Nirma (now out of the market). In the soap sector it faces competition from Godrej, P&G, Wipro, ITC and Nirma (now out of the market). HUL faces just one competition in the health care sector of the soap industry and that is from Reckitt.
QnA:-
Q.1. Indian soap and detergent market is perfect example of:
(A) Perfect competition
(B) Monopoly
(C) Monopolistic competition
Q.2. Empirical studies indicate that new entry into the industry:
(A) Decreases prices and profits.
(B) Decreases price, but increases profits.
(C) Increases price and profits.
(D) Increases price and decreases profits.
Q.3. Which of the following is the most competitive market structure?
(A) Perfect competition
(B) Monopolistic competition
(C) Monopoly
Q.4. Which of the following is NOT a feature of monopolistic competition?
(A) Numerous sellers
(B)Product differentiation
(C) Numerous buyers
(D) Hemogenous products.
Q.5. Which of the following is the least competitive market structure?
(A) Perfect competition
(B) Monopolistic competition
(C) Monopoly
**All The Best**
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